Behavioural Difficulties
ODD & Defiance
Reduce power struggles, build a positive relationship, and offer structure and choice so pupils feel respected and in control.
Whole-class strategies
- Invest in the relationship first; a positive connection reduces defiance.
- Keep rules few, clear, and consistently applied to everyone.
- Offer limited choices ('Would you like to start with A or B?') to give a sense of control.
- Use calm, private, matter-of-fact language rather than confrontation.
Avoiding power struggles
- Give instructions and then walk away to allow take-up time.
- Avoid escalating; stay calm and lower your voice.
- Use 'when… then…' language rather than threats.
- Pick your battles and ignore minor attention-seeking where safe.
Reinforcing positives
- Notice and specifically praise cooperation and effort.
- Give responsibilities that build trust and status.
- Follow through calmly and consistently on agreed consequences.
- Repair and reconnect after conflict to protect the relationship.
Do
- Stay calm and avoid confrontation.
- Offer choices and take-up time.
- Praise cooperation specifically.
Avoid
- Don't get drawn into public power struggles.
- Don't use ultimatums or threats.
- Don't hold grudges after an incident.